In Defense of the Faith Apologetic Ministry » Blog Archive » An Evening of Eschatology

This is awesome!

After this year’s Desiring God Conference, the Bethlehem College and Seminary put on an excellent ’round-table’ discussion and debate moderated by John Piper. The three major eschatological viewpoints were represented: Premillennialism (Jim Hamilton), Amillennialism (Sam Storms), and Postmillennialism (Doug Wilson). The representative speakers for each view are in parentheses. For more information about the debate, go here.

But getting to the good part… they have posted the audio and video on the desiring God web site and offered it for free viewing to all of us!

So, with no further ado, I give you “An Evening of Eschatology”!!!

In Defense of the Faith Apologetic Ministry » Blog Archive » An Evening of Eschatology

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Roots - Coffee,Lucas

I read a great article on the Black Snob website called The First Lady's Slavery Roots Published In NYT
by Danielle Belton. It is reported that people have gone through Michelle Obama's family history and turned out to be the descendant of a biracial man, Dolphus T. Shields who was born just after Emancipation. The NYT states:

...for the first time [finding Mr. Shields)] fully connects the first African-American first lady to the history of slavery, tracing their five-generation journey from bondage to a front-row seat to the presidency.

Um, this is news?! I thought everyone knew that most African-Americans have both African and European ancestry, as well as Native American ancestry. I do. So does every black person I know who has been born in the United States share these things in common. I found Ms Belton's post extremely interesting, including her brief outline of her own family. I think every black family, because of slavery, has had family member who could have passed for being white and some who did pass for white. Belton is correct. I was also amazed that she desired for readers to send her information about our own families and how slavery affected us.

I don't have a complete picture because maternally I have the best information. From my mother, her mother, and on back to slavery down the female lineages, I know each of my fore mothers' names going back. By that count, I'm 6 generations removed from slavery. My parents pictures are at the top of the post. At the bottom is a picture of all of my Parent's descendants and our spouses except the oldest and youngest grandsons.

As for my father, his maternal line is much more of an open book. I know something about both his mother's parents. They were from Georgia where my dad grew up. But not much is known about my father's father before his own parents. My paternal grandmother's mother was named Nancy Alberta Coffee. She was the daughter of Isaiah Coffee and Cynthia Lucas - number 10 in a family of 18 children. She was born in 1904 and died in 1998.

Nancy's father, Isaiah, was born in 1863 and died about 1936 or 1937. My father was fortunate enough to spend enough time around him to remember him a little although my dad was really young when he died. He was a mulatto. I remember my grandmother telling me that he could have passed had he wanted to. His mother was a slave and his father was the master of the plantation she lived on. His name was J.W. Coffee Jr, son of General G.W. Coffee (yeah, I know he was on the Confederate side, but what can ya do.) Isaiah at one point owned a lot of land that he was able to buy for cheap during the Reconstruction years. To this day, there is a county in south Georgia named after the family. I've been there. So through Nancy and Isaiah, I'm only 4 generations removed from slavery.

Nancy's mother's family is really interesting. Her name was Cynthia Lucas and both her parents were slaves. I don't know if either of them were mulattoes, but what I have learned is that her mother's name was Mary . Because slaves could not be taught to read, he learned to read from his master's daughter in exchange for training his horse. They had many, many children. Some were born before the Civil War and some after. One noteworthy things that bear mentioning is that before the Civil War they were sold away from each other, but after the war they found each other again and continued their lives together. Good thing for me because Cynthia, my great-grandmother, was born after that. I'm well-aware that had God not blessed them to find each other, unlike so many other families that were not ever restored, I would not be here today. Another thing is that it is reported in our family that Mary Lucas admired Abraham Lincoln and credited God for using him to free her from her bondage. My great-great-grandparents helped to found a church that is still in operation today. It's nice to go visit. I've only been twice.Through them down through Nancy, and then through my father. I am only 5 generations removed from slavery.

I want to use this post to focus on my father's family, I'll use another post to write about my mothers sometime down the line.

He Lives: Venn Diagrams are your Friend

 I admit it, I'm hooked on David Heddle's blog. In this one he uses Venn diagrams to explain the difference between people who are really Christians and people who claim to be Christians. It's really insightful. Take a look.

He Lives: Venn Diagrams are your Friend

Dr. Claude Mariottini - Professor of Old Testament: Barack Obama: The New Joseph

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 Here is an interesting article. It's about how some Catholic Bishops who happen to be African, are comparing Obama to the patriarch Joseph. I have some serious problems that Dr. Mariottini has been chronicling - Obama has been compared to many things no man should be identified with. It frightens me. The African bishops said that:

Archbishop Gabriel Charles Palmer-Buckle of Accra, Ghana said Wednesday that there was "a divine plan behind" Obama's election.

"It's like the biblical story repeating itself," he told reporters, citing the Old Testament figure Joseph, who after being sold into slavery in Egypt ends up becoming a top official.

"We believe God has his own plans. God directs history."

I don't believe that  Obama's life mirrors Joseph closely. Joseph was a slave in Egypt and he was not born in Egypt, and while Obama did endure the problems that come with being a black man in the United States - a member of a persecuted minority in a larger society, it does not exactly match up with Joseph.

Dr. Mariottini aslo has posts discussing other things that Obama has been equated to: God, Christ, Holy Spirit, Messiah, and pope.

I'm concerned.I don't think Obama is claiming anything like these things for himself but people are putting these things on him. I don't think he is the Anti-Christ but if people are used to seeing a man described this way, they will more easily accept the Anti-Christ  when he does show up for real.

Dr. Claude Mariottini - Professor of Old Testament: Barack Obama: The New Joseph

CNN Fact-Checks SNL's Spoof on Obama

Last Saturday on Saturday Night Live, there was a scathing parody on Barack Obama. I did not see all of it last Saturday, but CNN did a story on it showing what they got right and what they got wrong. What has Obama accompilshed and what he hasn't. Take a look at first at the skit and then is the CNN commentary.

Two Quick Apologetic Tips on the Trinity

Alan Kurschner has written a great article on defending the Trinity against two different charges.

1. How can there be three and one at the same time?
2. The assumption that if Jesus has a lesser role than the Father, he must therefore have a lesser nature.

I think Kurschner does an  awesome job of explaining why these points only show the one who uses such arguments does not understand what the Bible says about the nature of God. This is a must read.

 
http://www.aomin.org/aoblog/index.php?itemid=3536

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Dr. Claude Mariottini - Professor of Old Testament: Holding the Bible Hostage

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Dr. Claude Mariottni has posted information that I did not know. The Portuguese Bible is not being made freely available digitally. Personally, I believe the Bible should be freely available in all languages in every single format via any media that information can be used to translate information. I think that those scholars who do translations should be compensated but I think (and I could be wrong) that they are making comfortable livings writing and lecturing. Personally, I would love to learn Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic so I could read God's Word without viewing it through someone else's eyes.

Dr. Claude Mariottini - Professor of Old Testament: Holding the Bible Hostage

Be Careful With Whom You Pick a Fight

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I found the following video on YouTube. Apparently a man berates and curses a man on his own front porch, not realizing the man is a martial artist!

GOOD.is | What We Believe (Raw Image)

Click on the link below to see the picture in detail. The statistics given in the picture is designed to show that the number of atheists in America has increased by 2008 when compared to 2000. I think that the statistics has huge problems with who is a Christian and who isn't. Look at the definitions used:

The United Church of Christ has major doctrinal differences with the Episcopalian, Lutheran, Presbyterian, and Methodist denominations. And what's with the "Generic Christian" designation? They mean nothing. I would rather see the Mainline Christian designation be defined  by born-again, spirit-filled, Bible-believing; holding onto the essentials of historic Christianity - namely that Jesus is the only way to God. Did they go by people who just say they belong to those groups or actually participate? They don't say. How many people just switched to denominations and not just left church altogethe? Again it doesn't say. Therefore I would not put much stock into the results.

GOOD.is | What We Believe (Raw Image)

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Atheism is Dead: Too Sexy for My Theology? On the New Atheist Obsession with Sex

Mariano has written another brilliant piece. This one is about the charge some atheists use that no one has the right to tell them what is right and wrong use of human sexuality. I think that their issue boils down to the same thing as all their charges: The desire to rebel against the one we are all ultimately accountable to - God. They refuse to submit to the one we must all submit to. Mariano does a great job of showing that there is no such thing as a sex-act between two consenting adults that does not affect other people. This one (just like all he writes) is a must read!

Atheism is Dead: Too Sexy for My Theology? On the New Atheist Obsession with Sex

Michael Licona vs. Bart Ehrman Debate 2009 MP3 Audio - Apologetics 315

Over at Apologetics 315, the second debate between Mike Licona and Bart Ehrman about the historicity of Jesus' Resurrection is posted. The blog has links to the audio and video of the debate,






Michael Licona vs. Bart Ehrman Debate 2009 MP3 Audio - Apologetics 315

Yom Kippur war - Israel fights for her life and wins

In 1973, Israel fought a short war and won. Here is a documentary for the Israeli perspective.

Is Jesus Man, Myth, Madman, Messiah? MP3 Audio by Kenneth Samples - Apologetics 315

This is a great post on Apologetics 315. Kenneth Samples delivers a great lecture. Most of the material I have heard before  but Samples does an awesome job presenting the material. On top of that he did bring up a great point I never thought of before. What kind of man could endure the mental and emotional stresses Jesus did during the crucifixion, trial, and torture? Not to mention living with the knowledge of what He was going to have to do for years! Knowing that it was going to hurt and still doing everything that He was supposed to do that would lead him up to it! Only God could do that. Jesus has to be what He said He is.  Here is the post about the lecture at the link  below.


Is Jesus Man, Myth, Madman, Messiah? MP3 Audio by Kenneth Samples - Apologetics 315

THE APOLOGETIC FRONT: Textual Criticism and the Book of Mormon

 Over on the Apologetic Front blog there is a great article about an 800 page book on how the Book of Mormon (BoM) has changed over the 200 years. The post frames the importance of  how Mormons think of the Bible compared to the BoM:

It may seem a bit strange for a Mormon to be speaking about textual variants in the Book of Mormon for the simple reason that Mormons have long charged the Bible with corruption. In fact, one of the most common Mormon claims is that "We believe the Bible to be the word of God as far as it is translated correctly." Unfortunately, "translated" is confused with "transmitted," as i've heard Mormons time and time again assert that the Bible has been "translated so many times that we are not sure what it might have originally said." And so they argue, "That's why we need the Mormon Scriptures, as well as modern prophets."

Therefore, many Mormons attack the validity of the Bible where it contradicts the BoM, without considering the integrity of the BoM itself. It's avery interesting article.

THE APOLOGETIC FRONT: Textual Criticism and the Book of Mormon

William Lane Craig vs. George Williamson: Does God Exist? Debate MP3 Audio - Apologetics 315

Here is another gem from Apologetics 315. Here we have William Lane Craig again debating an atheist, George Williamson, on the existence of God.

William Lane Craig was great as always. I was expecting more from the atheist side. I mean where is the "A" material. My one problem with William Lane Craig is how he offers his answer to point of Free Will. I like how he handled the question on the problem of evil. You cannot assume that you know what the goal God has in allowing evil. I'm still of the opinion that if God eradicated all evil, He would have to annihilate every human being who has or will live.

William Lane Craig vs. George Williamson: Does God Exist? Debate MP3 Audio - Apologetics 315

Ellen White: Most Often Overlooked Figure in American Women's History

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Ellen White: Most Often Overlooked Figure in American Women's History
Too often dismissed as merely a minority religious figure, Ellen White intuitively anticipated the direction in which medical science would develop for the next hundred years.
http://www.associatedcontent.comarticle/670497/ellen_white_most_often_overlooked_figure.html


I do not agree with everything she said, but no one can doubt that she played a major role in American History.

Coins found with Joseph's name and image on them

Coins bearing the Biblical patriarch Joseph's name and image have been found. This is amazing for two reason.

1. Historians believed that Egypt did not use coins in commerce during the time Joseph was believed to be around.
2. It gives extra-Biblical attestation that Joseph really existed and held the prominent position the Bible says he did.

"According to the report, the significance of the find is that archeologists have found scientific evidence countering the claim held by some historians that coins were not used for trade in ancient Egypt, and that this was done through barter instead. The period in which Joseph was regarded to have lived in Egypt matches the minting of the coins in the cache, researchers said."

In Defense of the Faith Apologetic Ministry � Blog Archive � Coins found with Joseph?s name and image on them

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The Truth About Justin Martyr's Argument in the First Apology

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During his debate with James White last week,  Dan Barker used, um...misused,  a quote from an early Christian named Justin Martyr to bolster his point that the early Christians knew that that they were borrowing ideas and theology from pagan sources.  Dr White, squelched the idea by showing:

1. Barker has not read all of Justin Martyr's words and
2. Barker took Martyr out of context.

Fortunately, Dr. White has posted a video presentation in detail talking about what Justin Martyr actually said and the context in which he said it.

James White wrote:

 I fully expected Dan Barker to use (or, I should say, misuse), the quotation from Justin Martyr's First Apology, and so I had invested a fair amount of time reviewing the material prior to our debate. In fact, in the video below, watch my face during Mr. Barker's opening statement when he mentions Justin. That is the smile of "Another prediction comes true." In fact, either in the #prosapologian chat channel, or maybe even on the DL, I specifically said, "I have a feeling Barker is going to try to go a different direction than he did in his book." Not that you can mind-read such things, and hence must, if you are to be an honest scholar, respond to someone's published arguments, but I just had that feeling. But I fully expected Justin to make an appearance, and since the debate was not the place to go over the entire presentation, I provide the background material here that substantiates the claims I made in the debate. I hope this will assist Christians in rebutting this common (and false) claim, found so often in popular (but equally shallow) atheistic writings.

http://www.aomin.org/aoblog/index.php?itemid=3529

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Dr. Claude Mariottini - Professor of Old Testament: Moses and American History

Time has an excellent article by Bruce Feiler on “How Moses Shaped America.” This article is an adaptation of a section of Feiler’s book, America's Prophet: Moses and the American Story. The article shows how Moses, his story, his person, and the Mosaic struggle to bring freedom to a group of Egyptian slaves has inspired American politics and the ideals that shaped American history.

Dr. Claude Mariottini - Professor of Old Testament: Moses and American History

Cobert vs Dawkins

I've come across a couple of apperances of Richard Dawkins on the S

tephen Cobert show.  They are hilarious and although Dawkins is taking the ridicule good-naturedly, I've got to admit that I think he was skewered. Some of Cobert points are valid in my opinion.

The Colbert Report	Mon - Thurs 11:30pm / 10:30c
Richard Dawkins
www.colbertnation.com
Colbert Report Full Episodes Political Humor Michael Moore

The Colbert Report	Mon - Thurs 11:30pm / 10:30c
Richard Dawkins
www.colbertnation.com
Colbert Report Full Episodes Political Humor Michael Moore

Dr. Claude Mariottini - Professor of Old Testament: The Bigamy of Lamech

Dr Mariottini wrote this post about polygamy and monogamy and what does the Bible have to say about it. It's really interesting reading. In my opinion, one wife is enough. I can barely do all I have in my heart for one wife, impossible to do for several!

Dr. Claude Mariottini - Professor of Old Testament: The Bigamy of Lamech

Extra-Biblical Attestation for the Darkness During the Crucifixion.

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 One of the challenges to the validity of the Bible in general and the accounts of the Gospels in particular is the point that the Bible reports that at the time of Jesus' crucifixion a darkness covered the area - as if the sun itself took notice of the horrible crime and refused to shine in  recognition. Let's look at the passage itself.

From the sixth hour until the ninth hour darkness came over all the land. About the ninth hour Jesus cried out in a loud voice, "Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani?"—which means, "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" - Matthew 23:45-46

At the sixth hour darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour. And at the ninth hour Jesus cried out in a loud voice, "Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani?"—which means, "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" - Mark 15: 33-34

It was now about the sixth hour, and darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour, for the sun stopped shining. And the curtain of the temple was torn in two. Jesus called out with a loud voice, "Father, into your hands I commit my spirit." When he had said this, he breathed his last.- Luke 23: 44-46

I want to point a couple of things. We have three mentions that the darkness was 3 hours long! Some have theorized that this was caused by a total solar eclipse. However total solar eclipses are rare and don't last long. The longest solar eclipse in the the 21st century was  July 22, 2009, clocking in at 6 minutes and 39 seconds. See the wikipedia article for confirmation. Skeptics argue that the darkness during the crucifixion could not have been a solar eclipse because of the length and there is not extrabiblical mention of the event of darkness. I agree that it wasn't an eclipse. Something miraculous happened. And as for other mentions of the event outside of the Bible there is evidence!

A historian from the first century AD  named Thallus is quoted by another historian named Julius Africanus who was a Christian  in the 3rd Century. Thallus was not a Christian. Here is the quote from Julius Africanus:

On the whole world there pressed a most fearful darkness; and the rocks were rent by an earthquake, and many places in Judea and other districts were thrown down. This darkness Thallus, in the third book of his History, calls, as appears to me without reason, an eclipse of the sun. For the Hebrews celebrate the passover on the 14th day according to the moon, and the passion of our Savior falls on the day before the passover; but an eclipse of the sun takes place only when the moon comes under the sun. And it cannot happen at any other time but in the interval between the first day of the new moon and the last of the old, that is, at their junction: how then should an eclipse be supposed to happen when the moon is almost diametrically opposite the sun? Let opinion pass however; let it carry the majority with it; and let this portent of the world be deemed an eclipse of the sun, like others a portent only to the eye. Phlegon records that, in the time of Tiberius Caesar, at full moon, there was a full eclipse of the sun from the sixth hour to the ninth--manifestly that one of which we speak. But what has an eclipse in common with an earthquake, the rending rocks, and the resurrection of the dead, and so great a perturbation throughout the universe? Surely no such event as this is recorded for a long period. (XVIII.1)

 Julius Africanus understood Thallus to be referring to the same darkness the reports mention. Although we no longer have copies of Thallus's work, other refer to what he said. Before someone cries "Second-hand  evidence!", there is more. Historian Paul Mair wrote a novel of historical fiction called Pontius Pilate and in the foot note he wrote

So we have 3 contemporaneous accounts to the report of darkness covering much of the earth during Jesus' crucifixion: Tertullian, Phlegon, and Thallus.

I also want to say something about the criticism that the gospel accounts can't be harmonized. You have to remember that each Gospel was written to a different audience. Matthew was written to Jews and presents Jesus as King and Messiah. This is why Jesus' words "Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani?" were recorded because in Jewish tradition one calls attention to a whole passage by quoting the first sentence. They would understand that Jesus was calling attention to Psalm 22, and pointing out that it was being fulfilled in front of them.  Luke didn't record those words but instead focused on something Jesus said that would mean something to the audience he was writing to - the Greeks. Luke's gospel show cases Jesus' humanity. We see that Jesus was really a man. This may also be why in Luke we get the most information about Jesus' birth and humanity. Mark included this part because it is written from interviewing Peter. who was Jewish. Mark differs between Matthew and Luke and John because it is based on action. We get little background but instead we get a focus on what Jesus did. We get to see Jesus as servant. I call Mark the "Michael Bay" of the four Gospels. John tells us in his gospel that his goal is to present enough information to let the reader know that Jesus is the only way to salvation, so he didn't always present or record everything the other four did.


Lee Strobel, The Case for Christ pages 60-61

Extrabiblical Witnesses to Jesus before 200 a.d.

Added Note:  Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus, anglicised as Tertullian, (ca. 160 – ca. 220 AD) was really not a 1st Century Christian but a  second. Sorry for any confusion.

Dr. Claude Mariottini - Professor of Old Testament: Ardi: The New Human Ancestor

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Dr. Mariottini has posted a great blog post about a new human ancestor supposedly showing common ancestory with chimpanzee and other apes. Here is part of what Marriottini wrote.


Picture: Ardi

National Geographic News is announcing that scientists have found the oldest “human” skeleton which, according to the scientists involved in the discovery, refutes the view that there was a missing link in the evolutionary chain.

I find myself intrigued. I want to know more about the evidence. One thing I keep wondering...when we find so-called ancestors to humans, why are they always seem to be female?

Dr. Claude Mariottini - Professor of Old Testament: Ardi: The New Human Ancestor

Hotel Sting Operation Brought Down Letterman Extortion Plot

Letterman was candid about the threats he'd received in comments he made on Thursday's taping of his 'Late Show.' Watch >>>

Hotel Sting Operation Brought Down Letterman Extortion Plot

I admire Letterman for being honest. It's hard to admit to anyone, especially the whole world on television, that one is morally corrupt...although we all know we are.

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Dr. Claude Mariottini - Professor of Old Testament: Phoebe: A Diakonos

Dr. Claude Mariottini has pointed out a great article discussing Phoebe.

Here is what he wrote on his post concerning the article:

Elizabeth McCabe of Hebrew Union College has a good article on Phoebe, a woman in the early church who appears in the New Testament as a deacon and as a leader of the church. Her article appears on the SBL Forum.

Who says the 1st Century church did not have female leaders.

Dr. Claude Mariottini - Professor of Old Testament: Phoebe: A Diakonos